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World Lung Day: Why Respiratory Health Matters More Than Ever

World Lung Day, observed on September 25, seeks to raise awareness about lung health. As crucial organs responsible for supplying oxygen to every cell in the body, the increasing prevalence of lung health issues calls for urgent action. Here are some key facts about human lungs and tips for maintaining their health read more

September 25, Wednesday, marks World Lung Day, a crucial reminder of the importance of lung health worldwide. As critical organs responsible for delivering oxygen to every cell in the body, the increasing prevalence of lung health issues demands urgent action from health advocates. Despite medical advancements, several people remain affected by chronic respiratory diseases (CRDs) such as asthma, Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), and lung cancer - all conditions that are often preventable yet continue to cause harm.

The 2017 Global Burden of Diseases Report revealed that India has one of the highest rates of chronic respiratory diseases, making up 15.69 per cent of global cases and 30.28 per cent of worldwide deaths. India also leads in the number of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) cases, with 55.23 million affected, and ranks second in COPD-related deaths, with nearly 0.85 million.

Air pollution largely raises the risk of chronic respiratory conditions such as COPD, asthma, respiratory infections, and lung cancer. Every day, millions are exposed to harmful levels of particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10) from sources like vehicle emissions and industrial pollutants. Poor air quality worsens asthma and COPD symptoms, while also increasing the risk of pneumonia and lung cancer.

Tobacco use also remains a serious health concern in India, with over 267 million users. Smoking is a leading cause of respiratory diseases. The harmful chemicals in tobacco smoke damage the airways and weaken lung function, resulting in nearly 1.2 to 1.3 million deaths per year across the country.

To address the issue, essential steps include raising awareness and promoting lung health education. Key measures include reducing emissions from vehicles and industries, encouraging cleaner energy sources, and supporting sustainable farming practices to minimise crop burning. Effective tobacco cessation programs, offering both counselling and medication support, are also crucial for successful intervention. Public health campaigns should prioritise educating younger generations on the dangers of smoking and vaping.

On World Lung Day, we take a look at how these organs function and the best ways to keep them healthy.

World Lung Day 2024: Know The Importance Of Early Diagnosis And Treatment For Lung Cancer Patients

India is witnessing the rising incidence of lung cancer more related to morbidity and mortality in patients. It is well known because of smoking, passive smoking, family history, exposure to chemicals, and genetics. Its warning signs include coughing, chest pain, shortness of breath, fatigue, wheezing, and swallowing problems. However, most patients tend to ignore these symptoms and silently suffer. Therefore, there is a need to have proper awareness of this type of cancer as it will help in saving lives. This is the right time to further extend the good cause of spreading awareness about lung cancer, risk factors, causes, symptoms, prevention, and the importance of early detection and treatment by educating the masses without any further delay.

Additionally, all myths related to this disease need to be removed. Campaigns, drives, and programs should be implemented to spread awareness among people about the dangers of smoking, which is one of the main reasons for lung cancer. Accurate information will go a long way in sensitizing the people, making them aware of the prevention techniques, and motivating them to report early to the hospitals for any symptoms they are experiencing, such as coughing up blood or wheezing. Lung cancer support groups can facilitate getting people together, sharing their experiences, and fighting this dreaded cancer as one. Awareness will significantly contribute to the detection and treatment of cancer. 

Remember, the sooner lung cancer is diagnosed, the sooner the prognosis: 

When we spoke to Dr Dixit Kumar Thakur, Pulmonologist, Apollo Spectra Delhi, Chirag Enclave, he said the emphasis, therefore would lie upon check-ups and screening within the population that may be at risk. Among them would be those who smoke, have a family cancer history, or those working in the chemical industry. Indeed, regular screening according to the expert would even further the chances of treating lung cancer at more treatable stages and provide success with treatment and management in patients.

Importance of early diagnosis and treatment for lung cancer patients

More options for treatment: Since this cancer arises in the early stages, it is diagnosed when there is still so much you can do. Treatment is available including surgery, radiation treatment, chemotherapy, or even new single therapies to kill cancerous cells. This will help your doctor devise the right treatment plan according to your case and the results of them.

Less aggressive treatment: If lung cancer is diagnosed in its early stage, then you will have fewer chances of intense treatment options. This indicates that patients can follow such treatment processes that carry fewer side effects of nausea, dizziness, and weakness. Therefore, recovery in these patients may take relatively a shorter period compared to other patients. The patients are motivated to regain their normal lives quickly and enhance their overall quality of life.

Awareness and education: Early detection brings the issue of lung cancer to the public's attention. It successfully inspires them not to ignore the signs of this type of carcinoma, and they end up getting benefited because of early diagnosis. Public awareness about taking care of lung health and avoiding or quitting smoking habits may keep people aware of getting checked early in case of symptoms, which may save millions of lives.

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World Lung Day: Ditch These Eight Lung-damaging Habits

World Lung Day, observed annually on September 25th, serves as a vital reminder of the importance of lung health.

Organized by the Forum of International Respiratory Societies (FIRS), this day aims to raise awareness about respiratory conditions such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), lung cancer, and tuberculosis.

In recognition of this day, it is essential to address daily habits that can significantly impair lung function. Here are eight practices to eliminate for better lung health.

Smoking or Vaping

Even occasional smoking or vaping introduces harmful substances into the lungs, including nicotine, tar, and formaldehyde.

These toxic chemicals can damage lung tissues and narrow airways, increasing the risk of chronic respiratory diseases and lung cancer.

The resulting inflammation and scarring worsen lung health over time, making cessation crucial for anyone concerned about their respiratory well-being.

Exposure to Indoor Pollutants

Products like cleaning agents, air fresheners, and synthetic fragrances release volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that irritate lung tissues.

Regular exposure can lead to inflammation, exacerbate asthma, and trigger allergic reactions.

Long-term inhalation of these pollutants can increase the risk of developing chronic lung conditions, underscoring the importance of choosing safer, natural alternatives for cleaning and fragrance.

Lack of Physical Activity

A sedentary lifestyle can severely limit lung capacity and weaken respiratory muscles.

Insufficient exercise diminishes lung function, leading to breathlessness, reduced stamina, and poor circulation.

Over time, inactivity can result in shallow breathing and decreased lung elasticity, ultimately impairing overall respiratory health.

Incorporating regular physical activity can enhance lung efficiency and endurance.

Inadequate Ventilation

Inadequate ventilation in indoor spaces allows pollutants, mold spores, and allergens to accumulate, deteriorating air quality.

Prolonged exposure to stagnant air can irritate the lungs, triggering asthma and other respiratory conditions.

Ensuring proper airflow and ventilation in living and working environments is essential for maintaining healthy lungs and reducing the risk of respiratory infections.

Exposure to industrial chemicals

Occupational exposure to industrial chemicals, dust, or fumes can pose a significant threat to lung health. Inhaling toxic particles can lead to serious conditions such as asbestosis, silicosis, or even lung cancer.

Without adequate protective measures or ventilation, workers may suffer irreversible damage to their lung tissues.

Prioritizing safety and using protective equipment in hazardous environments is critical.

Inadequate hydration

Inadequate hydration can cause mucus in the lungs to thicken, obstructing airflow and making it harder for the body to expel harmful substances.

This can lead to increased susceptibility to respiratory infections and difficulty breathing.

Staying properly hydrated helps keep the lungs moist, facilitating efficient clearance of mucus and toxins, and supporting overall lung function.

Dirty Air Filters

Air filters in homes and workplaces collect dust, pet dander, pollen, and other allergens over time.

When not cleaned regularly, these filters recirculate polluted air, exacerbating respiratory issues.

Breathing in accumulated irritants can lead to lung inflammation and worsen conditions like asthma and bronchitis.

Regular maintenance of air filters is essential for sustaining good air quality.

Overeating Processed Foods

A diet high in processed foods, unhealthy fats, sugars, and preservatives can lead to lung inflammation and other health issues.

These foods often lack the essential nutrients necessary for supporting lung health and can weaken the immune system, making the body more susceptible to respiratory infections.

Emphasizing a balanced diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins can significantly benefit lung health.

In summary, fostering healthy lungs requires awareness and proactive changes in daily habits.

By eliminating these eight detrimental practices, individuals can significantly reduce their risk of lung diseases and promote overall respiratory health.

This World Lung Day, take the first step toward better lung health for yourself and those around you.

The writer is resident physician  Internal Medicine, The Nairobi West Hospital

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