Featured Post

What to Know About COVID Pneumonia

Image
tb gold test :: Article Creator Scientists Develop A TB Test & Find A Genetic Vulnerability In Resistant Strains A rapid diagnostic test for tuberculosis (TB) has been approved for the first time by the World Health Organization (WHO). The assay can identify the tuberculosis-causing pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis in sputum samples within a few hours. Tuberculosis is a primary cause of death by infectious disease worldwide. The disease is estimated to kill over one million people every year, and is a huge socio-economic burden, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. "High-quality diagnostic tests are the cornerstone of effective TB care and prevention," said Dr. Rogerio Gaspar, WHO Director for Regulation and Prequalification. "Prequalification paves the way for equitable access to cutting-edge technologies, empowering countries to address the dual burden of TB and drug-resistant TB."  M. Tuberculosis c...
- Post a Comment

Latest breeder, broiler vaccines provide consistent IBDV immunity - The Poultry Site

Q: Zoetis introduced two new vaccines for managing infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) during a 15-month period — Poulvac Maternavac® 4 and Poulvac® Procerta™ HVT-IBD. Why the focus on IBDV?

KC: IBDV remains a major threat to commercial flocks worldwide.1 Most US broilers are at risk because they are raised on built-up litter. IBDV destroys the antibody-producing bursa of Fabricius, which can lead to severe immunosuppression,2 especially in broilers under 3 weeks of age. That's a big concern now that more than 60% of broilers are raised without antibiotics.

In addition, the predominant IBDV variants circulating have changed a lot over the years. The original Delaware E variant viruses, for instance, have been largely displaced by the AL2 variant family, which is now predominant.3 We recognized the need for vaccines that provide better protection against the IBDV challenges of today.

Q: Do Poulvac Maternavac 4 and Poulvac Procerta HVT-IBD protect against the newer IBDV variants?

KC: Yes. Both Poulvac Maternavac 4 and Poulvac Procerta HVT-IBD protect against the prevalent AL2 variant, for example.4-6

Q: Why have two vaccines if they both provide the same types of protection?

KC: Because they work in fundamentally different but critically important ways. Poulvac Maternavac 4, which we introduced in 2019, is an injectable, inactivated, four-way vaccine for breeders. Inactivated IBDV vaccines work by hyperimmunizing broiler breeders so they pass on high maternal antibodies to broiler offspring. Passive immunity is the single, most efficient way to prevent IBDV infections at a young age when birds are most vulnerable.

Poulvac Procerta HVT-IBD, which we more recently introduced, is a recombinant vector vaccine that is given to broilers for active immunity, usually by in ovo administration, although it is also given by subcutaneous injection to egg layers.

Q: Do Poulvac Maternavac 4 and Poulvac Procerta HVT-IBD compete with or complement each other?

KC: They actually complement each other because one picks up where the other leaves off. Maternal antibodies that broilers receive from vaccinated breeders start to wear off at around 2 weeks of age. That's about the same time immunity from Poulvac Procerta HVT-IBD kicks in.7-10 The sooner a recombinant vaccine initiates immunity, the less potential there is for a gap in protection and, thus, less risk of profound immunosuppression.

Q: If both vaccines are used, does that eliminate the need to vaccinate broilers with a live IBD vaccine either in the hatchery or in the field?

KC:Probably so, unless there are unusual circumstances. Broilers confronted with a very strong IBDV field challenge and/or having poor maternal immunity, for example, might also need vaccination with a live IBDV vaccine.

Q: Is it true that HVT-IBD recombinant vaccines shouldn't be used for more than 1 to 2 years and, if so, why?

KC: IBDV has a built-in ability to adjust to various conditions. It's also an RNA virus, so it makes mistakes when it replicates. Replication is fuel for change and the emergence of different IBDVs. It stands to reason that rotating vaccines might help keep IBDVs "on their toes," so to speak, and deter them from adjusting.

Q: How will veterinarians and producers know when it's time to bring in a different IBDV vaccine?

KC: I recommend routinely conducting bursal surveys every 1 to 2 years to keep tabs on the IBDV field challenge. Bursa samples need to be submitted to a lab for polymerase chain reaction +/- histological analysis. The surveys will help determine the field infection window as well as the types of IBDV circulating, which may indicate a need to change the IBDV-control plan. Zoetis can help with this. We like to get results from several flocks at around 18 to 30 days of age.

Q: So, if you're using a recombinant HVT-IBD vaccine and want to rotate to another vaccine, what type would you use?

KC: You could rotate to a live vaccine or an immune-complexed vaccine. Bursaplex® would be one example. It's a live, immune-complexed vaccine that can be given subcutaneously or in ovo. It's been shown to be as effective as a herpesvirus of turkey recombinant vector vaccine and can even limit field-challenge replication.11

Q: Do you have a take-home message for producers who need to improve IBDV control in their flocks?

KC: Between Poulvac Maternavac 4 and Poulvac Procerta HVT-IBD, producers now have two dependable, complementary tools to help them protect broilers against today's IBDV challenges.

-

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular Posts

Preventing, controlling spread of animal diseases focus of forum at Penn State - Pennsylvania State University

Image
UNIVERSITY PARK, Pa. — An outbreak of the highly pathogenic avian influenza virus in poultry in 2014-15 resulted in the destruction of more than 50 million chickens and turkeys in the U.S., causing billions of dollars in economic loss. This animal disease outbreak — the worst in U.S. history — is one example of how devastating a foreign animal disease can be to animal agriculture and the country's economy. The resurgence of avian influenza in multiple states, including Pennsylvania, is once again bringing the importance of preventing animal diseases to the forefront, noted Suresh Kuchipudi, clinical professor of microbiology in Penn State's College of Agricultural Sciences. Exploring the emergence, spread and control of animal infectious diseases such as avian influenza was the focus of the inaugural Emerging Animal Infectious Disease Conference held Nov. 29-Dec.1, 2021, at Penn State. It was hosted by the College of Agricultural Sciences, the Pennsylvania Department of A...
Read more

Model Monday's: Diana Moldovan

Image
dented can botulism :: Article Creator Three Canadians Sickened In France's Botulism Outbreak Are From Quebec: PHAC The Public Health Agency of Canada has confirmed that the three Canadians who fell ill in a botulism outbreak in France are from Quebec. They're among at least 12 people who have suspected botulism after eating sardines prepared and served at Tchin Tchin Wine Bar in Bordeaux, France. The food was eaten between Sept. 4 and Sept. 10. The Associated Press has reported that some patients have been released from hospital, but most of them are in intensive care or critical condition. Canada's public health agency says it cannot divulge the condition of the patients from Quebec because it is considered private health information. Other tourists from the U.S., Ireland, Germany and Spain were among those sickened. One patient, who was not from Canada, has died. France's public health agency is leading the investigation...
Read more

“Live Coronavirus Map Used to Spread Malware - Krebs on Security” plus 1 more

Image
“Live Coronavirus Map Used to Spread Malware - Krebs on Security” plus 1 more Live Coronavirus Map Used to Spread Malware - Krebs on Security Posted: 12 Mar 2020 05:12 PM PDT Cybercriminals constantly latch on to news items that captivate the public's attention, but usually they do so by sensationalizing the topic or spreading misinformation about it. Recently, however, cybercrooks have started disseminating real-time, accurate information about global infection rates tied to the Coronavirus/COVID-19 pandemic in a bid to infect computers with malicious software. A recent snapshot of the Johns Hopkins Coronavirus data map, available at coronavirus.jhu.edu. In one scheme, an interactive dashboard of Coronavirus infections and deaths produced by Johns Hopkins University is being used in malicious Web sites (and possibly spam emails) to spread password-stealing malware. Late last month, a member of several Russian language ...
Read more